Speed responsive device



G. T. RANDOL SPEED RESPONSIVE DEVICE Ema 193 mm 2 Sheets-Sheet EL FilJam. 5, 1946 w\ w. m ww M E R 0 w. T T T M A f m w H QM d, 3

Deco 119 i950 G T. RANDOL,

Sm RWPONSIVE DEVICE 2 Smarts-Sheet 2 Filed Jam, 5, 1948 w W I: 3 4 M I 36 x at w w m if W I M 1/51! TO I? 6; E N 72 PAR/00L, .5 WK

Ms A? T TO I? Ms K Patented Dec. 19, 1950 SPEED RESPONSIVE DEVICE GlennT. Randol, Detroit, Mich, assignor of onehalf to Elizabeth LeightonRandol, Mountain Lake Park, Md.

Application January 5, 1946, Serial No. 639,184

18 Claims.

This invention relates to a speed responsive device or governor, andmore particularly to the controlling functions of such a device bypositioning an element thereof in diiierent operative positions.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide an improved speedresponsive device for actuating a-control member from one operativeposition to another when the speed of a member thereof assumes apredetermined value.

Another object is to produce an improved speed responsive device havingcentrifuge members which are capable of causing limited positive movingof a control member from one operative position toward another when apredetermined speed is attained by its rotatin member.

A further object related to that last stated is to associate with such amember an over-center spring means operable for completing the finalmovements of said member to either of its two different operativepositions.

A still further object is to provide an improved speed responsive meansfor controlling the moving of a control member from one operativeposition to another without "lag when the speed of a member assumes apredetermined value.

Yet another object is to provide improved speed responsive controlledmeans for movin a control element from one operative position to anotherwhen a predetermined speed is attained which will be free from huntingin the event the speed should vary within limits on each side of thepredetermined valu after the control element has been caused to assumeits said other operative position.

A more specific object is to provide in a speed responsive devicerotatable cam means for directly initiating the movement of a controlelement between two positions and centrifuge members responsive to thespeed of a member rotating a cam for determining toward which positionsaid cam will move said control element.

Another specific object is to produce an improved speed responsivedevice for controlling the movement of a switch element to two differentcontacting positions, and wherein said switches are capable of carryingheavy current loads for sustained periods and thus eliminate thenecessity of using relay switches in the circuits controlled by saidswitch element.

Yet a further object is to produce a speed responsive device which issensitive in its settings and so designed as to be regulated by a singleadjusting means to vary the predetermined speed at which it is capableof establishing different operative conditions.

o ,1, A further object is to produce a speed sensitive device havingcentrifuge members which is so designed that the centrifuge members arenot required to overcome any resistance by the action of centrifugalforce to obtain changed operating conditions.

A further object is to produce an improved speed responsive device forcontrolling a predetermined movement of an element toward differentpositions which will embody centrifuge members movable to select saidmovement by variable speeds of a rotating member, and wherein saidrotating member will produce all the torque force necessary to move theelement aforesaid without any resistance opposing the free action of thecentrifuge members by the centrifugal and centripetal forces actingthereon to select said movement.

A still further object is to produce a speed responsive device which issimple in design, easy to manufacture at a low cost and applicable to awide range of uses in control systems.

Other objects of my invention will become apparent from the followingdescription taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a control system having associatedtherewith as one of the control units, a speed responsive deviceembodying my invention, and employed to move a switch element to twodifferent operative positions to establish different control circuitsnon-energized circuits being indicated by broken lines;

Figures 2 and 3 are different vertical sectional views of the speedresponsive device, said views being taken on the lines 2-2 and 33,respectively, of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view showing the over-center springactuated switch arm in its operative position of Figures 2 and 3, saidsectional view being taken on the line 4--4 of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a sectional view similar to Figure 3, but showing the partsin a different position resultin in the switch arm bein moved to itsother operative position;

Figure 6 is a sectional view similar to Figure 4, but showing the switcharm in the position assumed in Figure 5;

Figure '7 is an enlarged view, partly in section, showing detailconstruction of parts of the switch arm and the actuating cam, togetherwith their relationship to accomplish the over-center spring actuationof the arm;

Figure 8 is a view showing the manner in which the speed responsivedevice can be employed to 3 directly control a valve element instead ofa switch element; and

Figure 9 is a sectional view taken on the line 9! cl Figure 8.

Referring to the drawings in detail and first to Figures 1 to '7,inclusive, wherein my improved speed responsive device is shown as beingemployed to control the closing of two switches in two independentelectrical circuits. An example of the circuits to be controlled by thespeed responsive device is shown in Figure 1. In this figure my improvedspeed responsive device or governor is indicated generally by the letterG and the two switches to be controlled are indicated by the letters Gand G The switch G forms part of a circuit X and the switch Gr formspart of a circuit Y. Within the circuit X is a solenoid S and within thecircuit Y is a solenoid S, which solenoids will be energized wheneverthe circuits are closed. Both circuits are connected by a commonconductor C which is connected to a source of current such as thegrounded battery B. In order to complete the circuits by alternateclosing of switches G and G the common closing element of the speedresponsive device G (to be later described) is connected to ground by aconductor Z. If desired, the common conductor C for the circuits mayhave a switch W for maintaining both circuits open.

In the system shown, by way of example, the solenoid S is employed whenenergized to open a valve V of a fluid pressure system and the solenoidS when energized to open a valve V of the fluid pressure system. Thisfluid pressure system comprises a source of fluid pressure P and adouble acting fluid pressure operated motor M having an actuating pistonA. The source of pressure is connected to one end of the fluid motor Mthrough the valve V by suitable piping L, as shown, and other piping L'is employed to connect the source of pressure with the other end of thefluid motor through the valve V If desired, a hand controlled valve Hcan be embodied in the pipe L between the source of pressure P and thevalves V and V and when this hand valve is closed it will be impossibleto operate the fluid motor M notwithstanding that one or the other ofthe electrical circuits is energized due to the master switch W beingclosed.

When the solenoid s is energized by the closing of the switch G in thecircuit X, the valve V will be opened so as to connect the fluid motor Mwith the source of pressure and if this source of pressure is less thanatmospheric pressure as, for example, a vacuum source, the piston A willbe moved to the lower end of the fluid motor. During the opening of thevalve V the solenoid S will be de-energized as the circuit Y will beopened by the switch G This de-energization of the solenoid S willresult in the valve V being closed so as to disconnect the source ofpressure from the upper end of the fluid motor, but will permit thisupper end to be connected to the atmosphere by the particular valvestructure shown. With the upper end of the fluid motor connected toatmosphere, the piston will be free to move to the lower end of thefluid motor. Whenever the circuit X is broken by opening of the switch Gthe switch G will be closed by the speed responsive device G andconsequently the solenoid S 10 bers l0 and El.

shown in Figure 1.

r'notor connected to the source of pressure by the opening of the valveV, which open position is Consequently the piston 01 the fluid motorwill be moved to the upper end of the fluid motor as shown, air underatmospheric pressure being free to enter the lower end of the fluidmotor through the valve V If the source of pressure should besuper-atmospheric, then the valves would function in the same manner butthe piston would move in the opposite directions according to the openpositions of the valves. It is thus seen in the system shown in Figure 1that the speed responsive device or governor will control the operationof the fluid motor. Thus for speeds below a predetermined value, thepiston of the fluid motor will be in one position as circuit X will beclosed, and for speeds above a predetermined value, the piston willassume another position as circuit Y will be closed. The fluid motor canbe employed to actuate any element desired.

The speed responsive control means or governor G for controlling theswitches G and G and embodying my invention, is shown in detail inFigures 2 to 7 and reference to these figures is now made. This speedresponsive device is of the two-stage type since it is controlling twoswitches in two circuits. The speed responsive device will be referredto as a governor since it employs centrifuge members.

The governor has a cup-shaped case I provided with a cover 2 of suitablenon-conducting material. The governor case carries a bracket 3 forattaching it to any suitable support by bolts 4. This bracket has a hole5 through which projects an extending threaded part on the lower portionof the casing. This extending end is clamped to the bracket flange by anut 6. Journaled in the casing is a shaft 1 which is driven by means ofa flexible shaft 8 from any rotating member, the speed of which thegovernor is to be responsive, an example being a propeller shaft of amotor vehicle.

The shaft '3 oi the governor is provided with a plate 9 on which ispivoted two centrifuge mem- These two centrifuge members engage a sleevel2 slidably mounted on a pin extending from the shaft. The pin issquare, as is the bore of the sleeve, so that the sleeve will rotatewith shaft 7. The connection between the sleeve l2 and the centrifugemembers is such that the sleeve will be moved upwardly whenever thecentrifuge members fly outwardly, due to increasing speed of the shaft 7which, of course, would be caused by increasing speed of the memberdriving the shaft. Sleeve i2 has a short portion l i extending upwardlytherefrom and integral with this short portion is an eccentric cammember 5 for controlling the two switches G and G of the governor.

The cover 2 carries the fixed contact element l6 of the switch G and thefixed contact element ll of the switch G These contact elements haveterminals l8 and I9, the terminal l8 having connected thereto theconductor 20 of circuit X of the system to be controlled and theterminal I9 having connected thereto the conductor 2| of the circuit Y.The cover of the governor also has pivoted thereon an electricallygrounded arm 22 which forms the movable switch element by which themovable contact 23 of the switch G and movable contact 24 of switch Gare controlled. The arm 22 is arranged to swing in a plane at rightangles to the axis of the governor.

ticular valve V and the upper end of the fluid 15 Its pivot pin 25carried by the cover is at one end of the arm and the other end of thearm lies between the fixed contacts lfiand l1 and carries the contacts23 and 24. The arm 22 is arranged to be of the snap-overtype and toaccomplish this there is provided an over-center spring 26 connected atone end to an intermediate portion of the arm and at the other end tothe casing and extending across the axis of the pivot pin 25 for thearm. The spring arrangement is such that it will be effective to performthe over-center closing movement of the contacts comprising switch Gwith a snap action and hold them closed, or to likewise complete the.closing of contacts comprising switch G and, once such contacts areclosed, to hold them closed until another switching change isinaugurated.

The moving of the arm 22 to either of the two switch closed positions isaccomplished in two merging movements by means of the previouslyreferred to eccentric cam 15 and over-center spring 26. To accomplishthis the bottom of the arm carries a downwardly extending pin 21 on oneside of the axis of the governor and on the opposite side a flangeportion 28 from which extends upwardly a second pin 29. The pins 21 and'29 have conical ends and these ends are s axially spaced from eachother that it is impossible for the eccentric dam to engage both pinssimultaneously. Also the diameter of the cam i is less than the distancebetween the confronting sides or the pins contacted by the cam buthaving a rise sufiicient to throw the arm 22 slightly past the axis ofsaid cam in either direction of its movement when either of the switchesG or G is closed solely by the action of the over-center spring 26. Theassociated pinwill therefore, be out of the rotative path of theeccentric cam iii. The peripheral portion of the cam is formed with apreferred double beveled surface, as best shown in Figure '7, so as topermit smooth cooperation between it and the conicalends of the pins.

When the rotative speed of the driven shaft '17 is below a predeterminedvalue the caml5 will be in a position to engage pin 29 and consequentlythe arm 22 will be swung over-center so that the spring 26 can beeffective to close the contacts of switch G with a snap action, inwhichposition the contacts will be held by the spring as shown in Figures 2,3 and 4. Once these contacts are caused to be closed in the manner abovedescribed the pin 29 will be so positioned that it will no longer beable to be contacted by the .cam it as it rotates with the shaft 1, allas shown in Figures 3 and 7. As the speed of the shaft i increases abovethe predetermined value the earn 4 55 will; be moved selectivelyupwardly by the centrifuge member to a point above the upper end of thepin 29 and will then be in a position to engage the lower end of the pin21. When this occurs the eccentric cam will swing the arm 22 so as tocause a breaking of the contacts of the switch G and upon the cam movingarm over-center 'the spring 26 will eiTect the actual closing of thecontacts of switch G with a snap action and maintain them closed untilswitch G is again closed. The closed position of switch G is shown inFigures 5 and 6. When the switch G is closed the pin 2'! willbepositioned sufficiently away from the eccentric cam that it cannot hitthis pin as said cam continues to rotate. If the tative speed of theshaft 1 should become less thana predetermined value,- the cam willagain cooperate with thepin 29 and open the contacts of switch (5?slightlybeyond the over-center'position of arm 22 with respect to theaxis of the .in opposite ends thereof. ports 44 and extending ,to theperiphery ofthe and the action of the over-center spring 26. As

a result considerable or all hunting is eliminated, and also the contactelements can be made sufilciently large to carry heavy current loadswithout the necessity of using relay switches in the electrical controlcircuits X and Y, particularly sustained energized control circuits.

The centrifuge members are arranged to act against a spring means,preferably carried by the cover 2, and to accomplish this the pin I4 soextends through an arcuate slot in the arm 22 that it can be engaged bya cover carried plunger 30, which plunger is acted upon by a spring 3!,the tension of which may be adjusted by a screw-plug 32. The movablecontacts 23 and 24 are arranged to be grounded and, as alread mentioned,this is accomplished by the conductor Z and a copper strip 33 (Figure 2)which connects-the pivot pin of the arm to the governor casing.

My improved speed responsive device or governor can be employed forother purposes besides closing switches in difierent circuits. Anotherexample of its use is disclosed in Figures 8 and 9. As shown in theseviews, the governor G is adapted for directly controlling a valve E totwo difrent operative positions. This valve E, as shown in Figure 8, ispart of a fluid pressure system having a double acting fluid motor Mprovided with a piston A and operable from a source of pressure P in amanner similar to the system shown in Figure l. The source of pressure Pis connected by a conduit 34 to the valve E. 'Between the valve E andone end of the fluid motor is a conduit 35 and between the valve E andthe other end of the fluid motor is a conduit 36. The valve E isarranged to alternately connect the conduits 35 and 36 with theisourceof pressure through the conduit 34. The construction of the valve issuch that when one end of the fluid motor is connected to the fluidsource the other end will be connected to atmosphere. If desired. a handcontrolled valve H can be embodied :in the conduit 34 between the sourceof pressure and the valve E and when this hand valve is closed it willbe impossible to operate the fluid motor M, regardless of the conditionof the valve E.

The valve E comprises a casing 31'which is attached to the casing i ofthe'governor G adjacent the top-thereof This casing is provided with abore 38 having its axis at right angles to the axis of the governor. Theends of the bore 38 have air openings 39 and 40. Within the bore is acylindrical slid'able valve element 4| construcated to have separatepassages 42 and 43 The'passage 42 has valve element and its outer endclosed by a suitable plug 42'. 'These ports 44 and 45 are arranged toselectively cooperate with ports 46, 41 and 48 in the casing of thevalve The port 46 is in communication with 'the atmosphere, the port 41is in communication with the conduit 35 and the port'48 is incom'munication 'with the conduit 34. The other passage 43in the valveelement is provided with spaced ports 49 and 50 which extend to theperiphery of the valve element and having its outer end closed by asuitable plug 43'. These ports are arranged to selectively cooperatewith ports SI and 52 and the previously mentioned port 48. Port ii isconnected to the conduits 36 and port 52 is connected to atmosphere.When the valve element is in the lowermost position, as shown in Figure8, the ports will be so arranged that the conduit 34 will be connectedto the source of pressure and the conduit 36 will be connected toatmosphere. When the valve element is moved to its upper position theports will be so arranged that the conduit u will be connected to theconduit 3 and the conduit 35 will be connected to atmosphere. With thisarrangement it is seen that if suction is used as a source of pressurethe piston of the fluid motor can be caused to move from one end to theother in response to different settings of the valve element.

The valve element is arranged to be controlled by the condition of thegovernor and to accomplish this the governor is provided with an arm 22'which is of a construction similar to the previously mentioned arm 22 ofthe governor shown in Figures 2 to 7, insofar as control structure isconcerned. This arm 22' has an extension 53 which is arranged to fitinto a recess 54 in the valve element. The arm 22' is provided withupwardly extending flanges 23' and 24' which take the place of themovable contacts 23 and 24 of the switch arm 22 described in Figures 2to '7 and in place of the fixed contacts of switches G and G of saidpreviously described structure there is provided stops I 6' and J1carried by the cover 2 of the governor,

When the speed of the rotating shaft 1 of the governor is below apredetermined value the arm 22' will be swung by the cam l5 andover-center spring 26 in the same manner as the switch arm 22 to theposition where the flange 23' engages the stop I 6 where it will be heldby the overcenter spring. This will result in the valve element 4| beingplaced in its upper position and under such conditions the lower end ofthe fluid motor M will be connected to the source of pressure (suction),thus causing the piston A to move to the lower end of the cylinder ofthe fluid motor. When the speed of the driven shaft rises above thepredetermined value the cam element ii of the speed responsive devicewill cause the arm 22' to be actuated over-center slightly beyond theaxis of the cam and then moved on to the position shown in Figure 8 bythe over-center spring 26. Upon completion of the aforesaid movement ofarm 22' and connected valve element ll, the spring 26 will be effectiveto hold said element in its moved operative position. When this positionis assumed the flange 24' will engage the stop I1 and the valve element4| will be in the position shown in Figure 8. Under such conditions theupper end of the fluid motor will be connected to the source of suctionand the lower end of the fluid motor will be connected to theatmosphere. The piston of the fluid motor will therefore be moved to theupper end of the fluid motor cylinder and assume the position shown inFigure 8. If the speed of the driven shaft should assume a value belowthe predetermined speed, the valve element will again be positioned tocause the piston of the fluid motor to be moved to the lower end of thefluid motor cylinder. If the source of pressure is super-atmospheric thepiston A will assume opposite positions for the same positions of thevalve element.

From the foregoing description of my improved speed responsive device itis seen that it is simple in construction and positive in operation. Thearrangement is such that the control of its mov- 5 able element from oneposition to another position is quickly and positively made without anytendency of the contact vibrating in closed condition or "huntingbetween different contacts. The actual forces employed in producing thechange of the movable contact element from one position to another isdirectly derived from the torque of the rotating shaft 1 and theover-center action of spring 28. There will be no appreciable resistanceto free movement of the centrifuge members, thus said members are at alltimes directly and sensitively responsive to the speed of the rotatingshaft. It is also to be noted that the arrangement is such that theactuating cam has some free axial movement between the conical ends ofthe cooperating pins 21 and 29. Thus, if a pin should be engaged and thecontact arm 22 swung from one position to another, it will be swung backin the event th cam should be moved slightly towards the other pin, Thisis an important feature since it eliminates substantially all hunting ofthe movable contact element between its closed contact positions. Oncethe contact arm 22 or 22' is set in a contact operative (closed)position, it will remain fixed in 'such position until its otheroperating position is assumed and vice versa. In place of the arm 22 or22' having two operative contact positions (closed), either of suchpositions may be an inoperative position (open) in its controllingfunction.

In the structure shown, the pins 21 and 28 have tapered ends and the camI5 is provided with a double beveled surface. This is a preferredconstruction as it permits smooth cooperation, but is not essential. Ifdesired, the tapered ends on the pins and the double beveled surfacecould be eliminated without affecting the operation of the governor. Ifthe cam should engage a pin and offer resistance to free movement of thecentrifuge members by centrifugal or centripetal forces, it will be onlymomentary. Because of the eccentric mounting of the cam it will beunable to contact a pin during approximately eighty percent of anysingle rotation.

Being aware of the possibility of modifications in the particularstructure shown and described without departing from the fundamentalprinciples of my invention, I do not intend that its scope be limited inany manner except in accord- 65 ance with th appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a speed responsive device, a rotating shaft, a member to becontrolled, means for actuating said member toward two positions by a 60direct turning movement of the shaft and comprising a secondmember-slidable on an axis coinciding with that of the shaft, andmovable means responsive to the speed of rotation of the shaft formoving said second member axially to 65 cause the controlled member tobe selectively actuated as aforesaid, said second member and the movablemeans being so associated with each other that the actuation of thecontrolled member will not resist free movement of the movable 70 meansin response to the speed of rotation of the shaft.

2. In a speed responsive device, a rotating shaft, a member to becontrolled, cam means rotatable by the shaft and slidable on an axiscoinciding 7 with that of the shaft, said cam means having a portioneccentric to the shaft for actuating said member toward two positions bythe turning movement of the shaft; and means responsive to the speed ofrotation of the shaft for sliding the cam means to cause the controlledmember to be directly actuated by the turning of the eccentric portionof the cam means as it is rotated by the shaft.

3. In a speed responsive device, a rotating shaft, a member to becontrolled, eccentric cam means rotatable with the shaft and slidablebodily on an axis coinciding with the shaft axis for actuating saidmember toward two positions by a turning movement of the cam means as itis rotated by the shaft, and means responsive to the speed of rotationof the shaft for selectively determining toward which position thecontrolled member will be actuated by the eccentric cam means, saidlast-named means comprising a member slidable on the shaft andcentrifuge members positioned outwardly of the slidable member andconnected therewith and to the shaft.

4. In a speed responsive device, a member movable to two positions,means for biasing the member in each position, a driven rotatablemember, said movable member being movable in a plane at right angles tothe axis of the rotatable member and having parts on opposite sides ofsaid axis, a member slidable axially with respect to said rotatablemember, means for moving the axially movable member to differentpositions in response to the speed of the driven rotatable member, andcam means directly rotatable by the rotation of the driven rotatablemember and controlled by the axial position of the axially slidablemember for selectively engaging the parts of the first-named memberwhich are on opposite sides of the axis of the rotatable member andmoving the first-named member from one of its positions toward the otherby rotative movement only of the cam means.

5. In a speed responsive device, a pivoted arm movable to two positions,a rotatable shaft, slidable eccentric cam means rotatable by the shaftand having different positions for moving the pivoted arm selectivelytoward the two positions by the rotation of the cam, centrifuge memberscontrolled by the speed of the rotatable shaft for slidably moving thecam means to its different positions, and means for changing the speedconditions at which the cam means moves the arm comprising a singlespring acting at one end on the cam means and an adjustable abutment forthe ther end of the spring. a

6. In a speed responsive device, a pivoted arm movable to two positions,an over-center spring means for biasing the arm to its two positions, arotating shaft having its axis at right angles to the plane of movementof the arm, axially spaced projections on the arm positioned ondiametrically opposite sides of the shaft axis, an eccentric cam mountedfor axial movement on the shaft and rotatable by the shaft, means forseiectively moving the arm toward its two positions by the rotation ofthe cam when it is moved axially to predetermined positions andcomprising axially spaced projections on the arm positioned ondiametrically opposite sides of the shaft axis and selectivelyengageable by the cam, and means responsive to the speed of rotation ofthe shaft for moving the cam axially.

7. In a speed responsive device, a pivoted arm movable in a single planeto two positions, an over-center spring means for biasing the arm to itstwo positions, a rotating shaft having its axis at right angles to theplane of movement of the arm, an eccentric'cam mounted for axial slidingmovement bodily on the shaft and rotatable by the shaft, means includingprojections on the arm positioned on opposite sides of the shaft axisfor moving the arm from either position toward the other position by therotation of the cam, the

"direction of movement being determined by the xial position of the cam,centrifuge members movable in response to the speed of rotation of I theshaft, and means for moving the cam axially by the centrifuge members.

8. In a speed responsive device; a shaft connected to be rotated atvarying speeds; an eccentric cam axially slidable on said shaft androtatable therewith; centrifuge members rotated by said shaft andconnected to move said cam to different axial positions in response tovarying speeds of said shaft; an arm pivoted to oscillate selectivelyacross the axis of said shaft toward two different positions in a planesubstantially at right angles to the axis of said shaft, means forbiasing said arm to either of its positions; and means carried by saidarm on opposite sides of said shaft axis and engageable by said cam fordirectly moving said arm across the axis of said shaft from one positiontoward the other position, said last-named means and cam being sorelated that when said cam is moved axially in one direction past apredetermined point it will engage one of said arm means to thusdirectly rotate said arm past the axis of said shaft toward one of saidpositions, and when moved axiall in the opposite direction past apredetermined point said cam will engage the other of said arm means andthus rotate said arm in an opposite direction past the axis of saidshaft toward the other of said positions.

9. In a speed responsive device; a shaft connected to be rotated atvarying speeds; an eccentric cam axially slidable on said shaft androtatable therewith; means responsive to rotation of said shaft andoperatively connected to said cam for axially moving said cam todifferent axial positions in response to varying speeds of said shaft;an oscillatable arm pivoted on an axis parallel to said shaft axis andmovable to a single position on opposite sides of a line passing throughboth of the aforesaid axes; an over-center action spring associated withsaid arm for completing the movement thereof to either of said positionsafter said arm has been moved beyond said line; means carried by saidarm and positioned on opposite sides of the axis of said shaft, saidmeans being axially spaced apart and so associated with said cam thatwith said arm in one position, it will be moved beyond said line towardits other position directly by rotation of said cam when said cam hasbeen axially positioned in one direction past a predetermined point, andwith said arm in its other position it will be moved beyond said linetoward said one position directly by rotation of said cam when axiallypositioned in the opposite direction past said predetermined point.

10. In a speed responsive device, a rotating shaft, a member to becontrolled and capable of movement to two operative positions, eccentriccam means selectively slidable on said shaft and operable for directlyimparting an initial movement to said member to move it from eitherposition toward the other, spring means operatively associated with saidmember for imparting final movement to said member in assuming either ofsaid positions, and means responsive to the speed I 1 of rotation onlyof said shaft for predetermining toward which position said member willbe initially moved directly by said cam means when selectively operatedas aforesaid.

11. In a speed responsive device, a rotating shaft, a pivoted armoscillatable in a plane substantially at right angles to the axis ofsaid shaft and across said axis to assume two different positions,over-center action spring means acting on said arm to cause it to assumeeither of its two positions after it has been initially moved acrosssaid shaft axis from one of said positions, means for initially movingsaid arm directly by a turning movement only of said shaft includingrotating cam means having an axis parallel with the pivotal axis of saidarm, and means responsive to the speed of rotation of said shaft forselectively determining toward which position said arm will be initiallymoved by said rotating cam when rotated.

12. A speed-responsive device comprising a rotary member capable ofbeing rotated at different speeds, a plurality of centrifuge memberspivotally attached to said rotary member at diametricall opposite pointsfor movement between inner and outer positions, said members beingindividually operative substantially in unison and being biased to theirinner positions by a single spring means; a rocker arm movable betweentwo extreme positions on opposite sides of and at right angles to theaxis of said rotary member; eccentric cam means mounted for selectiveaxial sliding movement with respect to said rotary member and rocker,and operatively connected to said members; means responsive to themovements of said members when rotated at different speeds for slidingsaid cam means selectively to engaging positions with said rocker; andmeans operable to initiate movement of said rocker from either of itsextreme positions toward the other by direct engagement of said cammeans with said rocker in response to rotation only of said rotarymember.

13. In a speed responsive device, a rotatable shaft, 9, pivoted arm forswinging movement in a plane at right angles to the axis of the shaft,pins carried by the arm and arranged to be on opposite sides of theshaft axis, said pins extending axially in opposite directions with theends thereof being conical and the apexes thereof in axially spacedrelation, a slidable eccentric cam rotatable by the Shaft and providedwith a peripheral edge of v-shaped cross-section for cooperation withthe conical ends of the pins to move the arm by rotation of the cam, andmeans responsive to the speed of rotation of the shaft for moving thecam axially.

14. In a speed responsive device, a rotatable shaft, a member axiallyslidable on the end of the shaft and rotatable with the shaft, aneccentric cam carried by the axially slidable member, centrifuge membersrotatable by the shaft and connected to move the slidable memberaxially, a member to be controlled and being mounted for movement to twopositions, and means carried by the member for cooperation with the camwhen in different axial positions to thereby permit the cam by itsrotation to move the member to be controlled to its two differentpositions.

15. In a speed responsive device comprising a centrifuge member pivotedto a rotary member fixed on a drive shaft for oscillation between outerand inner positions in a plane disposed substantially at right angles tothe plane of rotation of said member, and biased to its inner positionby 12 spring means: an eccentric cam axially slidable on and rotatablewith said drive shaft, said cam being operatively connected to saidcentrifuge member for movement selectively thereby to difi'erent axialpositions in response to varying speeds of said shaft; a pivotedoscillatory arm movable across the axis of said cam in a planesubstantially parallel to its plane of rotation to two operativepositions, said arm having axially spaced projections positioned onopposite sides of said cam in parallel relation to its axis; and meansoperable for moving said arm toward either of its positions by directselective engagement of said cam with said projections in response tothe rotary movement and varying speeds of said rotary member.

16. In a speed responsive device comprising a centrifuge member pivotedto a rotary member fixed on a drive shaft for oscillation between outerand inner positions in a plane disposed substantially at right angles tothe plane of rotation of said member, and biased to its inner positionby spring means: an eccentric cam axially slidable on and rotatable withsaid drive shaft, said cam being operatively connected to saidcentrifuge member for movement selectively thereby to different axialpositions in response to varying speeds of said shaft; a pivotedoscillatory arm movable across the axis of said cam in a planesubstantially parallel to its plane of rotation to two operativepositions, said arm having axially spaced projections positioned on'opposite sides of said cam in parallel relation to its axis and beingbiased to its positions by over-center action spring means; and meansresponsive to the rotation and varying speeds of said rotary member forcausing said cam to initiate movement of said movable arm toward eitherof its positions by direct selective engagement with said projectionswhereby said over-center spring means is rendered effective to completethe movement of said arm to the selected operative position.

17. A speed-responsive device comprising a rotary member capable ofbeing rotated at different speeds, a plurality of centrifuge memberspivotally attached to said rotary member at diametrically oppositepoints for movement between inner and outer positions, said membersbeing individuaily operative substantially in unison and being biased totheir inner positions by a single spring means; a rocker arm movablebetween two extreme positions on opposite sides of and at right anglesto the axis of said rotary member, said rocker having operativelyassociated therewith over-center action spring means; eccentric cammeans mounted for selective axial sliding movement with respect to saidrotary member and rocker, and operatively connected to said members;means responsive to the movements of said members when rotated atdifferent speeds for sliding said cam means selectively to engagingpositions with said rocker; means operable to initiate movement of saidrocker from either of its extreme positions toward the other by directengagement of said cam means with said rocker in response to rotationonly of said rotary member; and means for rendering effective saidover-center spring means to complete the movement of said rocker toeither of its selected extreme positions.

18. In a speed responsive device, a rotary shaft, a member to becontrolled, means comprising a rotating cam rotated by the shaft forselectively actuating the member toward two positions by the turningmovement of the cam, means comprising a centrifuge member movable by thespeed of the rotating shaft for determining toward which position theactuating means will move the member to be controlled, and adjustablemeans for varying the determining condition comprising a single springseparate from the centrifugal member and acting on the actuating means,and an adjustable member for varying the tension of the spring.

GLENN T. RANDOL.

REFERENCES CITED Number The following references are of record in the 15Number tile 0! this patent:

Great Britain Jan. 24, 1861

